News & Insights

Tax Preparation Tips for Retirees: Social Security, RMDs, and Common Mistakes

Written by Bill Rieger | Dec 29, 2025 4:00:00 PM

Retirement is supposed to feel simpler. Fewer meetings. Fewer deadlines. More time to enjoy mornings that don’t start with an alarm clock. Yet for many retirees, tax season feels more confusing than ever.


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That’s not your imagination.

Once you retire, your income doesn’t disappear—it changes shape. Social Security. Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs). Pensions. Investment income. Maybe even a little side income or consulting work. Each comes with its own tax rules, thresholds, and traps.

We see it every year at our community bank. Smart, responsible retirees who saved diligently—yet still feel uncertain when tax time rolls around. Our goal with this guide is simple: help you feel prepared, confident, and in control.

Let’s walk through the tax preparation tips every retiree should know, in plain language, with no scare tactics and no jargon.

Why Tax Preparation Looks Different in Retirement

Before we dive into forms and strategies, it helps to understand why retirement taxes feel more complicated.

You’re Managing Multiple Income Streams

During your working years, most of your income came from a paycheck. Taxes were withheld automatically. Filing was relatively straightforward.

In retirement, income often comes from:

  • Social Security benefits
  • Traditional IRA or 401(k) withdrawals
  • Roth accounts
  • Pensions or annuities
  • Interest and dividends
  • Capital gains
  • Part-time or consulting work

Each is taxed differently—and some affect how others are taxed.

You’re Responsible for More Tax Planning

Without automatic withholding from a paycheck, retirees often need to:

  • Make estimated tax payments
  • Adjust withholding on Social Security or pensions
  • Proactively manage taxable income

The good news? With a little planning, retirement taxes can often be more predictable than working-year taxes.

 

How Social Security Benefits Are Taxed (And Why It Surprises So Many Retirees)

One of the most common questions we hear is:

“Why am I paying taxes on my Social Security?”

Let’s clear that up.

Social Security Isn’t Always Tax-Free

Whether your Social Security benefits are taxable depends on your combined income, also called provisional income.

Combined income includes:

  • Adjusted Gross Income (AGI)
  • Nontaxable interest (like municipal bonds)
  • Half of your Social Security benefits

Current Federal Thresholds

As of now, the IRS uses these thresholds:

  • Single filers
    • Under $25,000: Benefits not taxed
    • $25,000–$34,000: Up to 50% taxable
    • Over $34,000: Up to 85% taxable
  • Married filing jointly
    • Under $32,000: Benefits not taxed
    • $32,000–$44,000: Up to 50% taxable
    • Over $44,000: Up to 85% taxable

Important note: These thresholds have not been adjusted for inflation in decades, which is why more retirees are affected every year.

You can review the IRS explanation directly here:
IRS – Taxation of Social Security Benefits

 

Common Social Security Tax Mistakes

Mistake #1: Forgetting other income affects taxation
RMDs, interest, and even tax-free municipal bond income can push Social Security into taxable territory.

Mistake #2: Assuming withholding is automatic
Social Security does not withhold taxes unless you ask. You can request withholding using Form W-4V.

Mistake #3: Being caught off guard at tax time
Without planning, retirees are often surprised by a tax bill—even if their income “feels” modest.

 

Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs): What Retirees Need to Know

If you have a traditional IRA, 401(k), or similar tax-deferred retirement account, RMDs are unavoidable.

What Is an RMD?

A Required Minimum Distribution is the minimum amount you must withdraw each year once you reach a certain age.

Currently:

  • RMDs begin at age 73 for most retirees
  • The amount is based on your account balance and IRS life expectancy tables

You can review official details here:
IRS – Required Minimum Distributions

Why RMDs Matter for Tax Preparation

RMDs:

  • Are generally taxed as ordinary income
  • Can push you into a higher tax bracket
  • May increase how much of your Social Security is taxable
  • Can raise Medicare premiums through IRMAA surcharges

This is where careful planning really pays off.

Common RMD Mistakes Retirees Make

Mistake #1: Missing the deadline
Failing to take your RMD can result in a steep penalty (though recent IRS changes have reduced it, it’s still painful).

Mistake #2: Taking the wrong amount
Miscalculations happen more often than you’d think—especially with multiple accounts.

Mistake #3: Waiting until December
Taking RMDs late in the year limits your flexibility and tax planning options.

 

The Hidden Tax Impact of Investment Income

Many retirees rely on investment income for stability. That’s smart. But it’s important to understand how different types are taxed.

Interest Income

Interest from:

  • Savings accounts
  • CDs
  • Bonds (except municipal bonds)

…is generally taxed as ordinary income.

This is where community banks can help retirees balance safety, yield, and tax awareness—not just chase rates.

Dividends

  • Qualified dividends may be taxed at lower capital gains rates
  • Ordinary dividends are taxed as regular income

The distinction matters and is reported on Form 1099-DIV.

Capital Gains

Selling investments can trigger:

  • Short-term capital gains (higher tax rates)
  • Long-term capital gains (lower rates)

Even retirees who “aren’t trading” can realize gains through portfolio rebalancing or fund distributions.

How Taxes Affect Medicare Premiums (IRMAA)

This one catches many retirees off guard.

Medicare premiums are income-based, using your tax return from two years prior.

Higher income can lead to IRMAA surcharges, increasing:

  • Part B premiums
  • Part D premiums

Large RMDs, Roth conversions, or one-time income events can temporarily increase these costs.

Learn more directly from Medicare here:
Medicare – IRMAA Explained

 

Smart Tax Preparation Tips for Retirees

Now let’s get practical.

Tip #1: Organize Income Sources Early

Before you even think about filing, list:

  • Every income source
  • Which ones are taxable
  • Which ones affect Social Security or Medicare

This alone reduces stress and mistakes.

Tip #2: Review Withholding and Estimated Payments

Retirees can:

  • Request federal withholding from Social Security
  • Adjust pension withholding
  • Make quarterly estimated tax payments

The goal is simple: avoid surprises.

Tip #3: Don’t Ignore State Taxes (For Florida Snowbirds Filing in Other States)

Some states:

  • Tax Social Security
  • Tax pensions
  • Offer retiree-friendly exemptions

State rules vary widely. Even if federal taxes are manageable, state taxes may still apply.

Common Tax Filing Mistakes Retirees Should Avoid

We see these every year—and they’re completely avoidable.

Filing Too Early

Waiting for all tax documents matters. Correcting returns later is frustrating.

Forgetting Small Income Sources

Bank interest, side income, or investment distributions can add up.

Choosing the Wrong Filing Status

Especially for widows and widowers, filing status changes can significantly affect taxes.

Not Asking for Help When Needed

There’s no prize for doing it alone.

 

When Retirees Should Consider Professional Tax Help

DIY tax software works well for many people—but not everyone.

Consider professional guidance if you:

  • Have multiple retirement accounts
  • Took large withdrawals or Roth conversions
  • Sold property or investments
  • Are navigating inheritance or survivor benefits
  • Want proactive planning, not just filing

A trusted advisor can often save more than they cost—financially and emotionally.

 

How Community Banks Support Retirees Beyond Tax Season

At a community bank, we see the full picture—not just numbers on a return.

We help retirees:

  • Structure savings for predictable income
  • Coordinate RMD strategies
  • Understand how interest income fits into their tax picture
  • Plan withdrawals with confidence

And we do it with conversations, not call centers.

If you’re looking for additional retirement planning insights, you may find these resources helpful:

  • Internal link suggestion: Retirement savings and income strategies
  • Internal link suggestion: Understanding CDs and interest income in retirement
  • Internal link suggestion: Financial planning checklists for retirees

Confidence Is the Goal

Taxes in retirement don’t have to be overwhelming.

With the right preparation, a clear understanding of Social Security and RMDs, and a willingness to ask questions, tax season can become just another routine—manageable, predictable, and stress-free.

At our community bank, we believe financial confidence is built one conversation at a time. We’re always here to help you think through the details, ask the right questions, and feel supported—not just during tax season, but all year long.

Because retirement should be about enjoying what you’ve worked so hard to build.